Controversies in the treatment of prostate cancer with maximal androgen deprivation.

The concept of maximal androgen deprivation (MAD) has become the accepted therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. MAD is also under investigation as neoadjuvant therapy prior to radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Innovative new approaches, such as intermittent androgen deprivation and new combination therapies, will emerge over the next decade.