Plotkin S A, Cadoz M, Meignier B, Méric C, Leroy O, Excler J L, Tartaglia J, Paoletti E, Gonczol E, Chappuis G
Pasteur-Mérieux Sérums et Vaccins, Marnes-la Coquette, France.
Dev Biol Stand. 1995;84:165-70.
ALVAC recombinants have been administered to humans and animals by parenteral and oral routes without giving signs of replication, systemic dissemination or severe reaction. In principle, it should be impossible for canarypox recombinants to disseminate in the environment as they would not be synthesised in mammalian cells as complete virus. Canarypox vectors have been safe for humans, in whom there has been no evidence of replication, but more work needs to be done to prove absence of replication. Recombinants are immunogenic by the intramuscular and subcutaneous routes. They are also immunogenic when given orally, but the dose required is still under study. Canarypox recombinants effectively prime the immune system for induction of antibodies and CD8 cell-mediated cytotoxicity by protein antigens. Antibody responses are not influenced by prior inoculation of canarypox, of subunit vaccine corresponding to the gene insert, or of vaccinia. Canarypox virus is attenuated for canaries, in which species it is already widely used. In principle, it is non-infectious for humans or other mammals. It may be infectious for other birds.
ALVAC重组体已通过肠胃外和口服途径给予人类和动物，未出现复制、全身扩散或严重反应的迹象。原则上，金丝雀痘重组体不可能在环境中传播，因为它们不会在哺乳动物细胞中作为完整病毒合成。金丝雀痘载体对人类是安全的，在人类中没有复制的证据，但还需要更多工作来证明其没有复制。重组体通过肌肉内和皮下途径具有免疫原性。口服时它们也具有免疫原性，但所需剂量仍在研究中。金丝雀痘重组体能有效启动免疫系统，以诱导针对蛋白质抗原产生抗体和CD8细胞介导的细胞毒性。抗体反应不受先前接种金丝雀痘、对应基因插入片段的亚单位疫苗或痘苗的影响。金丝雀痘病毒对金丝雀是减毒的，该病毒在金丝雀物种中已被广泛使用。原则上，它对人类或其他哺乳动物无传染性。它可能对其他鸟类具有传染性。
