Wiesenfeld P, Michaelis O E
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Maryland 20705.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1994 Dec;207(3):254-9. doi: 10.3181/00379727-207-43813.
Gender differences in adrenal steroid hormone production and serum steroid hormone levels were compared in the spontaneous hypertensive/NIH-corpulent (cp) rat, which exhibits characteristics of both obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The study demonstrated that adrenal gland size correlated with adrenal production and serum levels of steroid hormones. Obese female SHR/N-cp rats were more steroidogenic than male SHR/N-cp rats; the size of their adrenal glands was twice that of the males (70 vs 33 mg). Body weights averaged 666 g for females and 829 g for males. Obese female rats had significantly higher serum concentrations of both corticosterone (827 vs 536 ng/ml) and aldosterone (675 vs 482 pg/ml) than obese male rats. As determined by in vitro assay, adrenal cortex production of corticosterone (2157 vs 1435 ng/30 min) and aldosterone (13.3 vs 9.5 ng/30 min) was significantly higher in obese female than in obese male rats. Adrenal production of testosterone in the in vitro assay was also significantly higher for obese female than male rats; however, adrenal estrogen production in obese rats did not differ significantly. The type of carbohydrate consumed (sucrose > starch) significantly affected serum levels of corticosterone, but not aldosterone, testosterone, or estrogen. Gender differences in adrenal steroid production and serum steroid levels suggest that hyperglycemia in obese SHR/N-cp rats may be, in part, the result of excess adrenal production of steroid hormones.
在自发性高血压/NIH肥胖（cp）大鼠中比较了肾上腺类固醇激素生成和血清类固醇激素水平的性别差异，该大鼠表现出肥胖和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的特征。研究表明，肾上腺大小与肾上腺类固醇激素生成及血清类固醇激素水平相关。肥胖的雌性SHR/N-cp大鼠比雄性SHR/N-cp大鼠具有更强的类固醇生成能力；其肾上腺大小是雄性的两倍（70对33毫克）。雌性平均体重为666克，雄性为829克。肥胖雌性大鼠的血清皮质酮（827对536纳克/毫升）和醛固酮（675对482皮克/毫升）浓度均显著高于肥胖雄性大鼠。通过体外测定，肥胖雌性大鼠肾上腺皮质生成皮质酮（2157对1435纳克/30分钟）和醛固酮（13.3对9.5纳克/30分钟）的量显著高于肥胖雄性大鼠。体外测定中，肥胖雌性大鼠肾上腺生成睾酮的量也显著高于雄性大鼠；然而，肥胖大鼠肾上腺生成雌激素的量无显著差异。所消耗碳水化合物的类型（蔗糖>淀粉）显著影响血清皮质酮水平，但不影响醛固酮、睾酮或雌激素水平。肾上腺类固醇生成和血清类固醇水平的性别差异表明，肥胖的SHR/N-cp大鼠中的高血糖可能部分是肾上腺类固醇激素生成过多的结果。
