Lachnit H
Philipps-Universität Marburg.
Z Exp Angew Psychol. 1994;41(3):415-25.
The experiment reported here was an attempt to demonstrate that the solution of specific discrimination problems is based on rules rather than on differences in associative strengths. With positive and negative patterning as examples, we examined whether or not the solution of the discrimination problem depends on the number of reinforcements for each individual stimulus when the total number of reinforcements is kept constant. This was achieved by manipulating the number of stimuli used. We also examined the transfer to new stimuli. Forty subjects took part in a 2 x 2-factorial experiment with anticipatory skin conductance responses as the dependent variable. All the results were in accordance with the assumption of rule based problem solution. The amount of discrimination was independent of the number of reinforcements for each stimulus. Furthermore, according to results of concept formation studies, an asymmetry in transferring the solution to new stimuli was observed.
此处报告的实验旨在证明特定辨别问题的解决是基于规则，而非联想强度的差异。以正性和负性模式为例，我们研究了在强化总数保持不变的情况下，辨别问题的解决是否取决于每个单独刺激的强化次数。这是通过操纵所用刺激的数量来实现的。我们还研究了向新刺激的迁移。40名受试者参与了一项2×2析因实验，以预期皮肤电传导反应作为因变量。所有结果均符合基于规则的问题解决假设。辨别量与每个刺激的强化次数无关。此外，根据概念形成研究的结果，观察到在将解决方案迁移到新刺激时存在不对称性。
