Jones F D, Koshes R J
Department of Psychiatry, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;152(1):16-21. doi: 10.1176/ajp.152.1.16.
Homosexuality has remained a focus of military concern despite society's increasing acceptance of homosexual men and women and evidence that homosexuals have served and currently serve in the U.S. armed forces. President Clinton has stated a determination to end discrimination against homosexuals in the military and reverse the exclusionary policy on homosexuals serving in the armed forces. The authors review the history of the policy of the U.S. military to exclude homosexuals from serving in the armed forces.
The data for this study were drawn from military archives and court cases that have shaped U.S. policy excluding homosexuals from serving in the armed forces. The three main arguments are addressed: 1) homosexuality is a mental disorder rendering a person unstable, 2) homosexual service members are a source of poor morale for military units, and 3) homosexual service members are poor security risks.
Considerable evidence demonstrates that homosexuals in the military pose no documented threat to national security and show no evidence of poor work performance.
Although issues of morale and fraternization in the military remain challenges, no evidence in this review supports the exclusion of homosexuals from service in the U.S. armed forces.
尽管社会对同性恋男女的接受度日益提高，且有证据表明同性恋者过去和现在都在美国武装部队服役，但同性恋问题一直是军方关注的焦点。克林顿总统已表明决心消除军队中对同性恋者的歧视，并扭转禁止同性恋者在武装部队服役的排他性政策。作者回顾了美国军方禁止同性恋者在武装部队服役政策的历史。
本研究的数据取自塑造了美国禁止同性恋者在武装部队服役政策的军事档案和法庭案例。探讨了三个主要论点：1）同性恋是一种精神障碍，会使人变得不稳定；2）同性恋军人会导致军事单位士气低落；3）同性恋军人存在安全隐患。
大量证据表明，军队中的同性恋者并未对国家安全构成有记录的威胁，也没有表现出工作表现不佳的迹象。
尽管军队中的士气和不正当交往问题仍然是挑战，但本综述中没有证据支持将同性恋者排除在美国武装部队服役之外。
