Pope T L
Department of Radiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1088.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 1994 Oct;15(5):366-82. doi: 10.1016/s0887-2171(05)80004-6.
The stability of the knee depends on the integrity of its ligaments. Pain, clinical history, and nonspecific physical findings may hinder clinical diagnosis of acute ligamentous injury. Most major knee ligaments have uniform low signal intensity on all imaging sequences, and diagnosis of injury is based on periligamentous soft tissue edema, increased signal within the ligament, or disrupted structures. Correlation of of findings from routine sagittal, coronal, and axial MRI scans usually yields a definitive diagnosis of knee ligamentous injury. This article reviews normal anatomy, function, mechanism of injury, and normal and pathological MRI findings of the major knee ligaments.
膝关节的稳定性取决于其韧带的完整性。疼痛、临床病史和非特异性体格检查结果可能会妨碍急性韧带损伤的临床诊断。大多数主要的膝关节韧带在所有成像序列上均表现为均匀的低信号强度，损伤的诊断基于韧带周围软组织水肿、韧带内信号增加或结构中断。常规矢状面、冠状面和轴位MRI扫描结果的相互关联通常能得出膝关节韧带损伤的确切诊断。本文综述了主要膝关节韧带的正常解剖结构、功能、损伤机制以及正常和病理MRI表现。
