Taylor R R, Teneriello M G, Nash J D, Park R C, Birrer M J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Gynecologic Oncology National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1994 Oct;8(10):63-70, 73; discussion 73, 78-82.
Gynecologic malignancies, representing 13% of all cancers affecting women, have a major impact on women's health. Cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers comprise the majority of these tumors and contribute significant morbidity and mortality to the female population. While cervical and endometrial cancers can be detected early in their development, sadly, many patients present with advanced disease, as do the majority of patients with ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, advanced cases of these malignancies are usually lethal despite modern therapeutic modalities. In order to impact upon these grim statistics, gynecologic researchers have turned to molecular biology in an attempt to elucidate the etiology of these cancers. Recent research describing dominant oncogene and tumor suppressor gene mutations common to these malignancies is providing a basis for the molecular genesis of these cancers. This information should offer new avenues for the development of early detection and chemoprevention, as well as novel treatment strategies.
妇科恶性肿瘤占影响女性的所有癌症的13%，对女性健康有重大影响。宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌构成了这些肿瘤的大部分，给女性人群带来了显著的发病率和死亡率。虽然宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌在其发展早期就能被检测到，但遗憾的是，许多患者就诊时已处于晚期，大多数卵巢癌患者也是如此。不幸的是，尽管有现代治疗手段，这些恶性肿瘤的晚期病例通常是致命的。为了改变这些严峻的统计数据，妇科研究人员转向分子生物学，试图阐明这些癌症的病因。最近关于这些恶性肿瘤中常见的显性癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因突变的研究，为这些癌症的分子起源提供了依据。这些信息应该为早期检测、化学预防以及新的治疗策略的开发提供新的途径。
