Steriade M
Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec.
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 1994 Nov;19(5):354-8.
There are three major oscillations in thalamocortical systems during the state of sleep with synchronization of the electroencephalogram: 1. Spindles (7 Hz to 14 Hz) are generated in the thalamus at sleep onset and are blocked during arousal or rapid-eye-movement sleep by cholinergic systems that decouple the synchronizing network of the reticular thalamic nucleus. 2. Delta potentials (1 Hz to 4 Hz) appear during late stages of electroencephalogram-synchronized sleep. At the thalamic level they are produced by the interplay between two intrinsic currents of neurons with cortical projections. Delta rhythm is suppressed by cholinergic and noradrenergic systems. 3. A slow oscillation (< 1 Hz) is generated in the cerebral cortex and has a pivotal role in grouping the thalamic-generated sleep rhythms within wave-complexes recurring periodically, every two to five seconds. The slow rhythm is blocked by cholinergic and noradrenergic projections. Sleep rhythms consist of long-lasting inhibitory components that obliterate synaptic transmission and disconnect the brain from the outside world.
在睡眠状态下，丘脑皮质系统存在三种主要振荡，同时伴有脑电图同步：1. 纺锤波（7赫兹至14赫兹）在睡眠开始时于丘脑产生，在觉醒或快速眼动睡眠期间，被使丘脑网状核同步网络解耦的胆碱能系统阻断。2. 德尔塔电位（1赫兹至4赫兹）出现在脑电图同步睡眠的后期。在丘脑水平，它们由具有皮质投射的神经元的两种内在电流相互作用产生。德尔塔节律被胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能系统抑制。3. 慢振荡（<1赫兹）在大脑皮质产生，在将丘脑产生的睡眠节律分组到每两到五秒周期性重复出现的波群中起关键作用。慢节律被胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能投射阻断。睡眠节律由持久的抑制成分组成，这些成分消除突触传递并使大脑与外界断开联系。
