Understanding depression in bereaved older adults.

Depression is a common outcome of spousal bereavement. Concurrent life events may contribute to the intensity of depression following spousal bereavement in older adults and, if not identified, may interfere with therapeutic plans for the management of depression. Taped interviews, conducted six times over two years, were analyzed for ten subjects, five whose depression scores were low, and five whose scores were high. In addition, a detailed case comparison analysis of two subjects was done. Four recurring types of life events, reported by the bereaved spouses, were illness (of self or others), deaths of family or friends, residential relocation, and changes in interpersonal relationships. Significantly depressed spouses were more likely to report these events. Implications for nursing practice and for integrating qualitative and quantitative research methods are addressed.