Steinman H A, Potter P C
Department of Clinical Science and Immunology, University of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa.
Allergy Proc. 1994 Jul-Aug;15(4):203-10. doi: 10.2500/108854194778702766.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and disabling condition that has a major impact on financial and social resources of the individual and the community. Its incidence is increasing dramatically, and no cure is available. Pharmacological treatment is only partially effective. The evidence that diet plays a role in children with atopic dermatitis is now irrefutable. Prophylactic measures can prevent or limit the development of AD, and partially restricted diets can modify the disease's course or severity. This study reports the reactions to various foods as perceived by parents of 112 children affected by AD. It demonstrates that many foods exacerbate AD and that reactions are caused by two distinct groups of food. The commonest triggers of cutaneous symptoms are tomatoes, oranges, sweets, pineapple, chocolate, and softdrinks preserved with sulfur dioxide. These foods result in symptoms in 30% to 49% of the children. The traditional IgE reaction type foods, namely egg, fish, milk, and peanut, resulted in reactions in 14% to 25% of the children, and with many non-cutaneous symptoms. The study further shows that allergen avoidance measures are not practiced in our community, and that sound advice is not often proffered. Practical advice on prophylactic dietary preventative measures and dietary management of children with atopic dermatitis is presented.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种慢性致残性疾病，对个人和社区的经济及社会资源产生重大影响。其发病率正在急剧上升，且尚无治愈方法。药物治疗仅部分有效。饮食在儿童特应性皮炎中起作用的证据现已确凿无疑。预防措施可预防或限制特应性皮炎的发展，部分受限饮食可改变疾病进程或严重程度。本研究报告了112名患特应性皮炎儿童的家长所感知到的对各种食物的反应。研究表明，许多食物会加重特应性皮炎，且反应由两类不同的食物引起。皮肤症状最常见的诱因是西红柿、橙子、糖果、菠萝、巧克力以及用二氧化硫保存的软饮料。这些食物在30%至49%的儿童中会引发症状。传统的IgE反应型食物，即鸡蛋、鱼、牛奶和花生，在14%至25%的儿童中引发反应，且伴有许多非皮肤症状。该研究进一步表明，我们社区并未采取避免过敏原的措施，也不常提供合理建议。本文给出了关于儿童特应性皮炎预防性饮食预防措施和饮食管理的实用建议。
