Girdler S S, Light K C
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1994 Aug;17(3):233-48. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(94)90066-3.
Fifteen men and 11 normally ovulating women were each tested twice for cardiovascular stress reactivity, cognitive/behavioral performance, and mood during a variety of stressors. Each women was tested during both the follicular and luteal phase of her menstrual cycle, with men matched for number of days between testing. Although the genders did not differ in blood pressure reactivity during either phase of the cycle, during both phases of the menstrual cycle women exhibited greater heart rate reactivity and tended towards greater cardiac index increases, greater pre-ejection period decreases, and lesser vascular tone relative to men. Additionally, the menstrual cycle was observed to influence gender differences in stroke volume index responses. Specifically, stroke volume index responses for women were significantly greater in their luteal versus follicular phase resulting in a marginally significant pattern whereby women's stroke volume index responses were greater than men's luteally but less than men's follicularly. Men and women also differed in cognitive performance and mood assessment during the tasks, but the majority of these differences were unaffected by the menstrual cycle.
15名男性和11名正常排卵的女性在面对各种应激源时，均接受了两次心血管应激反应、认知/行为表现及情绪方面的测试。每位女性在其月经周期的卵泡期和黄体期均接受了测试，男性则根据测试间隔天数进行匹配。尽管在月经周期的两个阶段，男女在血压反应性上并无差异，但在月经周期的两个阶段，女性相对于男性均表现出更高的心率反应性，且往往有更大的心脏指数增加、更明显的射血前期缩短以及更低的血管张力。此外，观察到月经周期会影响每搏输出量指数反应中的性别差异。具体而言，女性在黄体期的每搏输出量指数反应显著高于卵泡期，从而形成一种边缘显著的模式，即女性的每搏输出量指数反应在黄体期大于男性，但在卵泡期小于男性。在任务过程中的认知表现和情绪评估方面，男女也存在差异，但这些差异大多不受月经周期的影响。
