Leung P W, Connolly K J
Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1994 Oct;35(7):1229-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01231.x.
A random population sample of 1479 Chinese boys from Hong Kong was screened and diagnosed in a two-stage epidemiological study. Four groups, age 7-8, were distinguished: (1) a pure hyperactive group (HA), (2) a mixed hyperactive/conduct-disordered group (HA+CD), (3) a pure conduct-disordered group (CD), and (4) a normal control group (N). On a visual search task, only the HA children showed a specific processing deficit in performance. This confirms the diagnostic value of such a deficit for hyperactivity, differentiating it from conduct disorder. The failure to find a similar deficit in the HA+CD group raises questions concerning the clinical identity of these children. Each group showed a performance decrement over time in the visual search task but the decrement did not differ between the four groups. This observation is not congruent with the reports of a short attention span in hyperactive children; explanations of this apparent contradiction are considered.
在一项两阶段的流行病学研究中，对来自中国香港的1479名男孩的随机人群样本进行了筛查和诊断。区分出了四个年龄在7至8岁的组：（1）单纯多动组（HA），（2）多动/品行障碍混合组（HA+CD），（3）单纯品行障碍组（CD），以及（4）正常对照组（N）。在一项视觉搜索任务中，只有多动组儿童在表现上显示出特定的加工缺陷。这证实了这种缺陷对多动的诊断价值，将其与品行障碍区分开来。在多动/品行障碍混合组中未发现类似缺陷，这引发了关于这些儿童临床特征的问题。在视觉搜索任务中，每组随着时间推移表现都有所下降，但四组之间的下降没有差异。这一观察结果与多动儿童注意力持续时间短的报道不一致；对此明显矛盾的解释进行了探讨。
