Ferrick D A, Gemmell-Hori L, Sydora B, Mulvania T, Penninger J M, Kronenberg M, Mak T W
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Int Rev Immunol. 1994;11(4):295-304. doi: 10.3109/08830189409051176.
Immunological tolerance is the process of inhibiting or eliminating lymphocytes that recognize self-derived antigens. By removing potentially harmful self-reactive clones, this mechanism allows for the random generation of a diverse repertoire of T-cells capable of responding to foreign pathogens. Although all self-reactive T-cells should be removed from the repertoire, it is quite clear from many recent studies that a significant fraction of T-cells bearing gamma delta T-cell receptors (TCR) recognize self-derived antigens in normal healthy mice. The presence of self-reactive T-cells in healthy animals presents a paradox which may be explained by understanding the transient expression of the antigens (e.g., MHC class Ib, Heat Shock Proteins) that have been identified for gamma delta T-cells thus far. Data from experiments with V gamma 1.1C gamma 4 transgenic mice demonstrating the presence of self-reactive gamma delta T-cells and their influence on lymphoid development and immune surveillance will be examined in this review.
免疫耐受是抑制或消除识别自身来源抗原的淋巴细胞的过程。通过清除潜在有害的自身反应性克隆，该机制允许随机产生能够对外来病原体作出反应的多样化T细胞库。尽管所有自身反应性T细胞都应从库中清除，但最近的许多研究清楚地表明，在正常健康小鼠中，相当一部分带有γδ T细胞受体（TCR）的T细胞识别自身来源的抗原。健康动物中存在自身反应性T细胞这一现象存在矛盾，这或许可以通过理解迄今为止已为γδ T细胞鉴定出的抗原（例如MHC Ib类、热休克蛋白）的瞬时表达来解释。本文将审视来自Vγ1.1Cγ4转基因小鼠实验的数据，这些数据证明了自身反应性γδ T细胞的存在及其对淋巴细胞发育和免疫监视的影响。
