Yoshida Y
Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, Japan.
Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1994 Aug;71(2-3):127-35. doi: 10.2535/ofaj1936.71.2-3_127.
In order to determine whether the muscle bellies of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis (including additional slips) show laminar disposition, they were observed in 490 upper limbs of 245 Japanese cadavers. The author examined them from the point of view of lamination of the muscle slips (bellies) and classified them into 22 types in this study. The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle consists of five layers (A, B, C, D and E). Their proximal portions are disposed from radial deep to ulnar superficial as A, B, C, D and E, and the distal portions from ulnar deep to radial superficial as A, B, C, D and E. C is the main part of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle, and A, B, D and E are additional (accessory) slips. The main part (C) is inserted into the second metacarpal bone A and B cross beneath the main part (C) to the ulnar side of the hand and are inserted into the third to second metacarpal bones. D and E pass across on the main part (C) to the radial side of the hand and are inserted into the second to first metacarpal bones. The extensor carpi radialis brevis consists of three layers (X, Y and Z). Their proximal portions are disposed from radial deep to ulnar superficial as X, Y and Z, and the distal portions from ulnar deep to radial superficial as X, Y and Z. Y is the main part of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle, and X and Z are additional (accessory) slips. The main part (Y) is inserted into the third metacarpal bone. X passes deep to Y to the ulnar side of the hand and is inserted into the fourth or third metacarpal bone. Z passes superficial to Y to the radial side of the hand and is inserted into the third or second metacarpal bone. The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle showed the normal form (C only present) in 326 of 490 cases, and had the main part (C) and one to three additional slips (A, B, D, E) in 164. The extensor carpi radialis brevis showed the normal form (Y only present) in 389, and had the main part (Y) and one or two accessory slips (X, Z) in 101 of 490 cases.
为了确定桡侧腕长伸肌和桡侧腕短伸肌（包括额外肌束）的肌腹是否呈分层分布，在245具日本尸体的490条上肢中进行了观察。作者从肌束（肌腹）分层的角度对其进行了检查，并在本研究中将它们分为22种类型。桡侧腕长伸肌由五层（A、B、C、D和E）组成。其近端部分从桡侧深层向尺侧浅层依次为A、B、C、D和E，远端部分从尺侧深层向桡侧浅层依次为A、B、C、D和E。C是桡侧腕长伸肌的主要部分，A、B、D和E是额外（附属）肌束。主要部分（C）插入第二掌骨，A和B在主要部分（C）下方交叉至手的尺侧，插入第三至第二掌骨。D和E在主要部分（C）上穿过至手的桡侧，插入第二至第一掌骨。桡侧腕短伸肌由三层（X、Y和Z）组成。其近端部分从桡侧深层向尺侧浅层依次为X、Y和Z，远端部分从尺侧深层向桡侧浅层依次为X、Y和Z。Y是桡侧腕短伸肌的主要部分，X和Z是额外（附属）肌束。主要部分（Y）插入第三掌骨。X在Y的深面向手的尺侧走行，插入第四或第三掌骨。Z在Y浅面向手的桡侧走行，插入第三或第二掌骨。在490例中，桡侧腕长伸肌有326例呈正常形态（仅存在C），164例有主要部分（C）和一至三个额外肌束（A、B、D、E）。桡侧腕短伸肌有389例呈正常形态（仅存在Y），490例中有101例有主要部分（Y）和一或两个附属肌束（X、Z）。
