Range L M, Penton S R
Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg 39406-5025.
Psychol Rep. 1994 Aug;75(1 Pt 2):456-8. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.456.
To estimate the associations among measures of hope, hopelessness, and suicidality, 206 undergraduates completed the Reasons for Living Inventory, the Hopelessness Scale, and the Hope Scale. As expected, significant correlations indicated that, as hope increased, hopelessness decreased. Those who scored as relatively more suicidal had relatively fewer feelings of total hope (Agency and Pathways) and more hopelessness. Further, scores on three Reasons for Living scales (Coping Beliefs, Family Responsibility, and Child Concerns) were significantly correlated in expected directions with hope and hopelessness scores. A stepwise multiple regression indicated that scores on Survival, Coping Beliefs and the Hope subscale Agency accounted for 37% of the total variance in suicidality. Apparently in unscreened college students, survival and coping beliefs and hope rather than hopelessness or other reasons for living are most related to suicidality. An implication is that facilitating college students' hopefulness may bolster their survival and coping beliefs and discourage development of suicidal thoughts or actions.
为了评估希望、绝望和自杀倾向之间的关联，206名本科生完成了生存理由量表、绝望量表和希望量表。正如预期的那样，显著的相关性表明，随着希望的增加，绝望感会降低。那些自杀倾向相对较高的人，总体希望感（能动性和途径）相对较少，绝望感更强。此外，生存理由量表的三个分量表（应对信念、家庭责任和对孩子的担忧）得分与希望和绝望得分在预期方向上显著相关。逐步多元回归表明，生存、应对信念和希望分量表能动性得分占自杀倾向总方差的37%。显然，在未经筛选的大学生中，生存、应对信念和希望而非绝望或其他生存理由与自杀倾向最为相关。这意味着提升大学生的希望感可能会增强他们的生存和应对信念，并抑制自杀念头或行为的产生。
