Downer M C, Blinkhorn A S, Holt R D, Wight C, Attwood D
Institute of Dental Surgery, London, England.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1994 Oct;22(5 Pt 1):283-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1994.tb02051.x.
A multi-center study of caries experience and defects of dental enamel was conducted among 12-yr-old children in north London, Edinburgh, Glasgow and Dublin. None of the cities had water fluoridation except Dublin, which was included in the national program introduced in the Republic of Ireland in 1964. A random sample of children was drawn from state schools in each location and identical methods of clinical examination were used throughout under the same standardized conditions. All examiners were trained and calibrated with a reference examiner and achieved high levels of inter- and intra-examiner consistency. Mean DMFT values for the 4 cities were 1.27 (London), 1.39 (Edinburgh), 2.70 (Glasgow) and 1.48 (Dublin) (P < 0.001). Proportions of subjects free from caries in the same order were, 50, 47, 24 and 43% (P < 0.001), and child prevalence of diffuse opacities, 28, 29, 7 and 17% (P < 0.001), respectively. The relatively low caries levels recorded in London and Edinburgh (lower than Dublin) were considered to be related most probably to fluoride effects other than water fluoridation.
在伦敦北部、爱丁堡、格拉斯哥和都柏林对12岁儿童的龋齿经历和牙釉质缺陷进行了一项多中心研究。除都柏林外，这些城市均未进行水氟化，都柏林于1964年被纳入爱尔兰共和国推行的全国计划。从每个地点的国立学校中随机抽取儿童样本，在相同的标准化条件下，自始至终采用相同的临床检查方法。所有检查人员都接受了培训，并由一名参考检查人员进行校准，检查人员之间和检查人员内部的一致性都很高。这4个城市的平均DMFT值分别为1.27（伦敦）、1.39（爱丁堡）、2.70（格拉斯哥）和1.48（都柏林）（P<0.001）。无龋受试者的比例按相同顺序分别为50%、47%、24%和43%（P<0.001），弥漫性浑浊的儿童患病率分别为28%、29%、7%和17%（P<0.001）。伦敦和爱丁堡记录的龋齿水平相对较低（低于都柏林），这很可能与除水氟化以外的氟化物作用有关。
