Stechmiller J, Treloar D M, Derrico D, Yarandi H, Guin P
University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville 32610-0187.
J Neurosci Nurs. 1994 Aug;26(4):224-9. doi: 10.1097/01376517-199408000-00006.
This study was undertaken to determine differences between caloric intake and requirements of critically ill, enterally fed, neurosurgical and neurotrauma patients and to determine the nature and frequency of interruptions in enteral feedings in this same population. This descriptive, prospective study was conducted in a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in a university teaching hospital. The sample consisted of 52 mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients with a mean age of 48.96 years who were receiving enteral nutrition for at least two days. Basal energy requirements, daily nutritional intake and enteral feeding interruption characteristics were recorded for a total of 586 study days. Underfeeding due to interruptions occurred in the majority of patients for the first eight days following initiation of enteral feeding. Reasons for underfeeding were interruptions of continuous tube feedings due to medication administration via the feeding tube (31%), feeding tube displacement (27%), surgery (12%), ileus (9%), radiologic studies (9%), airway management (8%), bedside procedures (3%) and agitation (1%). The frequency of these enteral feeding interruptions may indicate inadequate nutritional support, highlighting the importance of performing daily nutritional monitoring to prevent malnutrition.
本研究旨在确定重症、接受肠内营养的神经外科和神经创伤患者的热量摄入与需求之间的差异，并确定同一人群肠内喂养中断的性质和频率。这项描述性前瞻性研究在一所大学教学医院的外科重症监护病房（ICU）进行。样本包括52名机械通气的重症患者，平均年龄48.96岁，接受肠内营养至少两天。共记录了586个研究日的基础能量需求、每日营养摄入量和肠内喂养中断特征。在开始肠内喂养后的头八天，大多数患者因喂养中断而出现喂养不足。喂养不足的原因包括通过喂养管给药导致连续管饲中断（31%）、喂养管移位（27%）、手术（12%）、肠梗阻（9%）、放射学检查（9%）、气道管理（8%）、床边操作（3%）和躁动（1%）。这些肠内喂养中断的频率可能表明营养支持不足，凸显了进行每日营养监测以预防营养不良的重要性。
