Rosychuk R A
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1994 Sep;24(5):921-52. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(94)50109-8.
Otitis externa represents one of the most common reasons that pets are presented for veterinary attention. They are also some of the more frustrating entities practitioners are called on to deal with. Successful management depends on an understanding of the primary, predisposing, and perpetuating factors involved in the pathogenesis of otitis externa. Emphasis is then placed on establishing a diagnosis through physical examination, cytologic examination, culture and sensitivity testing, radiographs and biopsies. The general goals of management are to resolve, remove, or control primary factors, clean and dry the ear, reduce inflammation and resolve secondary infections. These goals are achieved through various cleaning techniques, topical, and systemic therapies. Therapeutic alternatives are given for otitis involving bacteria, Malassezia, otodectes, demodex, allergies, ceruminous disorders, the idiopathic inflammatory/hyperplastic otitis externa of cocker spaniels, "Swimmer's Ear", contact/irritant reactions, overtreatment, and concurrent otitis media.
外耳炎是宠物需要兽医关注的最常见原因之一。它们也是兽医从业者需要处理的更令人沮丧的病症。成功的治疗取决于对外耳炎发病机制中涉及的主要、诱发和持续因素的理解。然后重点是通过体格检查、细胞学检查、培养和药敏试验、X光片和活检来进行诊断。治疗的总体目标是解决、消除或控制主要因素，清洁并干燥耳朵，减轻炎症并解决继发感染。这些目标通过各种清洁技术、局部和全身治疗来实现。针对涉及细菌、马拉色菌、耳螨、蠕形螨、过敏、耵聍紊乱、可卡犬特发性炎症/增生性外耳炎、“游泳者耳炎”、接触/刺激性反应、过度治疗以及并发中耳炎的外耳炎给出了治疗选择。
