DeSantis L
University of Miami School of Nursing, Coral Gables, Florida.
J Adv Nurs. 1994 Oct;20(4):707-15. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1994.20040707.x.
Transcultural nursing is generally seen as the interface between anthropology and nursing. A prime objective of transcultural nursing has been the translation of concepts from anthropology and nursing into the nursing process to guide a culturally informed clinical practice. To date, there has been a general inability of transcultural nursing to operationalize the concept of culture to develop culturally competent clinicians; that is, nurses who are capable of knowing, utilizing, and appreciating the effects of culture in the resolution of an individual, group, community, and/or family problem. A model of transcultural nursing is described, for incorporating the concept of culture into patient care. It includes the concepts of cultural brokerage, simultaneous dual ethnocentrism, multiple clinical realities, the patient as cultural informant, and cultural assessment of patient views of clinical reality. The problems of making anthropology and transcultural nursing clinically relevant through the transcultural nursing model are presented and methods are recommended for addressing such problems.
跨文化护理通常被视为人类学与护理之间的交叉领域。跨文化护理的一个主要目标是将人类学和护理的概念转化为护理过程，以指导基于文化的临床实践。迄今为止，跨文化护理总体上未能将文化概念付诸实践，以培养具有文化胜任力的临床医生；也就是说，培养出能够了解、运用并认识到文化在解决个体、群体、社区和/或家庭问题中的作用的护士。本文描述了一种将文化概念纳入患者护理的跨文化护理模式。它包括文化中介、同步双重民族中心主义、多重临床现实、患者作为文化信息提供者以及对患者临床现实观点的文化评估等概念。文中提出了通过跨文化护理模式使人类学和跨文化护理在临床中具有相关性的问题，并推荐了解决这些问题的方法。
