Lack of correlation of distribution of prolactin (PRL) charge isoforms with induction of PRL storage.

GH4C1 cells, rat pituitary tumor cells, produce PRL, but store little relative to normal lactotrophs; treating cells with estradiol, insulin, and epidermal growth factor increases both PRL storage and accumulation of dense core granules. Normal lactotrophs contain several differently charged forms of PRL. We investigated whether inducing PRL storage in GH4C1 cells altered the production of these forms. Four forms of PRL that differed by charge were found by immunoblots of two-dimensional gels of extracts of female rat pituitary glands and of secretory granules isolated from the glands. Four forms were also secreted by GH4C1 cells. The relative abundance of the four forms in the medium of GH4C1 cells, determined by [35S]amino acid incorporation for 24h, was 1.2 +/- 0.58%, 91.3 +/- 1.09%, 6.3 +/- 0.72%, and 1.2 +/- 0.39% of total PRL (mean +/- SEM), from the most basic to the most acidic, respectively. Treatment with 1 nM estradiol, 300 nM insulin, and 10 nM epidermal growth factor did not significantly change the relative abundance of the forms. All four forms also were found in GH4C1 cells after 2 h of incubation with [35S]amino acids, although no incorporation of 32PO4 was detectable over the same incubation time. We conclude that GH4C1 cells produce four forms of PRL that differ by charge, as normal lactotrophs do. The increase in storage of PRL caused by insulin, estrogen, and epidermal growth factor does not result in or is caused by increased secretion of a specific form.