Espersen F, Rosdahl V T, Frimodt-Młller N, Skinhøj P
Division of Preventive Microbiology, State Seruminstitute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Chemother. 1994 Aug;6(4):219-25. doi: 10.1080/1120009x.1994.11741155.
The number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia cases has increased annually in Denmark during the latest decades. This increase has occurred among older patients with hospital-acquired bacteremia. Methicillin-resistance, which earlier was a property of strains of the 83A phage-complex, has nearly disappeared, while the frequency of penicillin-resistance has increased. Today both the phage-type pattern and antibiotic resistance are nearly similar for strains from hospital-acquired and community-acquired cases. In hospitals the frequency of bacteremia after postoperative wound infections has decreased, while cases associated with intravascular catheters has increased, and these infections are now the most common cause of hospital-acquired S. aureus bacteremia. Endocarditis is most commonly found in community-acquired cases without an identified primary focus in patients between 21-50 years. Also hematogenous osteomyelitis is most common in community-acquired cases, but these infections have changed to having a high predilection for the vertebral column, and the prevalence of chronic cases has decreased.
在过去几十年中，丹麦金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症病例数每年都在增加。这种增加发生在患有医院获得性菌血症的老年患者中。耐甲氧西林曾是83A噬菌体复合体菌株的一种特性，现在几乎消失了，而耐青霉素的频率有所增加。如今，医院获得性病例和社区获得性病例的菌株的噬菌体类型模式和抗生素耐药性几乎相似。在医院中，术后伤口感染后菌血症的频率有所下降，而与血管内导管相关的病例有所增加，这些感染现在是医院获得性金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症最常见的原因。心内膜炎最常见于21至50岁社区获得性病例中，且无明确的原发性病灶。血源性骨髓炎在社区获得性病例中也最常见，但这些感染已转变为对脊柱有高度偏好，且慢性病例的患病率有所下降。
