Cassé M, Lehoucq R, Vangioni-Flam E
CE-Saclay, DSM/DAPNIA/Service d'Astrophysique, Gif sur Yvette, France.
Nature. 1995 Jan 26;373(6512):318-9. doi: 10.1038/373318a0.
Collisions between cosmic rays (energetic protons and alpha-particles) and carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in the interstellar medium have been considered to be the main source of lithium, beryllium and boron, through fragmentation of the larger nuclei. But this mechanism is unable to account for the observed Solar System abundances of the isotopes 7Li and 11B. The recent detection of an excess of gamma-rays in the direction of the star-forming region in the Orion cloud has been interpreted as arising from the excitation of carbon and oxygen nuclei ejected from supernovae when they collide with the surrounding gas, which is primarily molecular and atomic hydrogen. Here we investigate the consequences of the two-body interactions of the ejected carbon and oxygen nuclei (and the alpha-particles ejected with them) with the hydrogen and helium in the surrounding gas, using a model developed previously. We show that these interactions offer a way to make lithium, beryllium and boron that is independent of the abundance of heavy elements in the surrounding medium. Such supernova-driven interactions, combined with the effect of galactic cosmic rays, can explain the observed Solar System abundances of these light elements.
宇宙射线（高能质子和α粒子）与星际介质中的碳、氮和氧之间的碰撞，被认为是通过较大原子核的碎裂产生锂、铍和硼的主要来源。但这种机制无法解释观测到的太阳系中锂 - 7和硼 - 11同位素的丰度。最近在猎户座星云恒星形成区域方向检测到的过量伽马射线，被解释为是超新星喷射出的碳和氧原子核与周围主要是分子氢和原子氢的气体碰撞时，碳和氧原子核被激发所致。在这里，我们使用先前开发的模型，研究喷射出的碳和氧原子核（以及与之一起喷射出的α粒子）与周围气体中的氢和氦的二体相互作用的后果。我们表明，这些相互作用提供了一种制造锂、铍和硼的方式，这种方式与周围介质中重元素的丰度无关。这种由超新星驱动的相互作用，与银河宇宙射线的效应相结合，可以解释观测到的太阳系中这些轻元素的丰度。
