Lee H S, Koh D, Chia H P, Phoon W H
Department of Industrial Health, Ministry of Labour, Singapore.
Am J Ind Med. 1994 Nov;26(5):613-9. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700260504.
The purpose was to determine if solderers had increased diurnal variation (DV) in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and chronic impairment of lung function. A cross-sectional study of 150 female operators doing manual soldering using flux-cored (rosin-based) solder wire and 52 administrative staff from two electronics factories was carried out. They answered a questionnaire, had their forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured and their 3-hourly PEFR monitored for 5 working days. The DV in PEFR was the difference in the daily maximum and minimum PEFR expressed as a percentage of the maximum. Six solderers with smoking history were excluded from the analysis. Solderers had a significantly higher prevalence of work-related eye (14.6%) and nose (10.4%) irritation. The prevalence of cough, breathlessness, and wheezing was low. There was no overt case of occupational asthma. The DV in PEFR of 6.0% was not increased. The analysis of FEV1 and FVC was restricted to Chinese only (101 solderers and 51 controls): these were not significantly different. Solderers with 5 or more years of exposure had a significantly lower FEV1/FVC (%) of 88.4% after adjustment for age. In conclusion, solderers with 5 or more years of exposure may have a mild obstructive effect apart from smoking, asthma, or age.
目的是确定从事焊接工作的人员呼气峰值流速（PEFR）的昼夜变化（DV）是否增加以及肺功能是否存在慢性损害。对两家电子厂的150名使用药芯（松香基）焊丝进行手工焊接的女性操作人员和52名行政人员进行了一项横断面研究。他们回答了一份问卷，测量了1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC），并在5个工作日内每3小时监测一次PEFR。PEFR的DV是每日最高和最低PEFR之差，以最高值的百分比表示。分析中排除了6名有吸烟史的焊工。焊工中与工作相关的眼部（14.6%）和鼻部（10.4%）刺激的患病率显著更高。咳嗽、呼吸急促和喘息的患病率较低。没有明显的职业性哮喘病例。PEFR的DV为6.0%，没有增加。FEV1和FVC的分析仅针对中国人（101名焊工和51名对照）：这些没有显著差异。暴露5年或更长时间的焊工在调整年龄后FEV1/FVC（%）显著降低，为88.4%。总之，暴露5年或更长时间的焊工除吸烟、哮喘或年龄因素外，可能有轻度阻塞性影响。
