Ross M W, Hunter C E, Condon J, Collins P, Begley K
Center for Health Promotion Research and Development, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston 77225.
AIDS Care. 1994;6(4):407-11. doi: 10.1080/09540129408258655.
Attitudes of people with HIV disease towards HIV have seldom been measured. However, a well-established scale to measure attitudes toward cancer in those with the disease, the 38-item Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale was modified to assess adjustment to HIV disease. We administered the scale to 107 Australian men with HIV infection, of whom 36 had an AIDS-defining condition, who were patients at an ambulatory care facility and in a research study. The data were factor analyzed using a method identical to that used in the development of the MAC scale to determine the latent dimensions of attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. The Mental Adjustment to HIV scale (MAH) factor analysis revealed five factors: Helplessness-Hopelessness, Fighting Spirit, and Denial-Avoidance as in the original MAC scale, plus a Fatalism subscale which also measured Preoccupation, and a new subscale, which measured Belief in Influencing the Course of the Disease. Together, these five factors accounted for half of the variance. These data suggest that while there are similarities between mental attitude to cancer and mental attitude to HIV in the latent dimensions of the questionnaire items, there are also some differences. Most significant is the belief in people with HIV disease in being able to personally influence the course of the illness, and the combination of Preoccupation with Fatalism. The five subscales of the MAH scale had Cronbach's alpha reliabilities between 0.80 and 0.55. The MAH appears to be a useful way to measure total attitudes and subscale scores of people with HIV infection, including AIDS, to their disease.
很少有人对感染艾滋病毒者对艾滋病的态度进行测量。然而，有一个成熟的用于测量癌症患者对癌症态度的量表，即38项癌症心理调适（MAC）量表，经修改后用于评估对艾滋病毒疾病的调适情况。我们对107名感染艾滋病毒的澳大利亚男性进行了该量表的施测，其中36人患有艾滋病界定疾病，他们是一家门诊护理机构的患者且参与了一项研究。使用与MAC量表开发过程中相同的方法对数据进行因子分析，以确定对艾滋病毒/艾滋病态度的潜在维度。艾滋病毒心理调适量表（MAH）的因子分析揭示了五个因子：与原始MAC量表一样的无助-绝望、斗志，以及否认-回避，另外还有一个宿命论子量表（该子量表也测量了全神贯注），以及一个新的子量表，该子量表测量了对影响疾病进程的信念。这五个因子共同解释了一半的方差。这些数据表明，虽然在问卷项目的潜在维度上，对癌症的心理态度和对艾滋病毒的心理态度存在相似之处，但也存在一些差异。最显著的是艾滋病毒感染者相信自己能够亲自影响疾病进程，以及全神贯注与宿命论的结合。MAH量表的五个子量表的克朗巴哈α信度在0.80至0.55之间。MAH似乎是一种有用的方法，可用于测量包括艾滋病患者在内的艾滋病毒感染者对其疾病的总体态度和子量表得分。
