Further localization of the gene for hereditary paragangliomas and evidence for linkage in unrelated families.

Paragangliomas of the head and neck are slow-growing tumors that rarely show malignant progression. Familial transmission has been described, consistent with an autosomal dominant gene that is maternally imprinted. Clinical manifestations of hereditary paraganglioma are determined by the sex of the transmitting parent. All affected individuals have inherited the disease gene from their father, expression of the phenotype is not observed in the offspring of an affected female or female gene carrier until subsequent transmittance of the gene through a male gene carrier. Recently, we assigned the gene responsible for paragangliomas (PGL) to chromosome 11q23-qter by linkage in a single large Dutch kindred. We now report confirmation of this localization in five unrelated Dutch families with hereditary paragangliomas. On the basis of segregation of haplotypes in the available family material, we localize the PGL locus between markers STMY and CD3D on chromosome 11q22.3-q23.