Panda S, Kamei G, Pamei M, Sarkar S, Sarkar K, Singh N D, Deb B C
Indian Council of Medical Research Unit for Research on AIDS, North Eastern States of India, Salt Lake City, Calcutta, West Bengal.
Natl Med J India. 1994 Nov-Dec;7(6):267-9.
The human immunodeficiency virus was first detected in young intravenous drug users in Manipur in 1989 and it quickly reached a high prevalence in this group. Diagnostic facilities are scarce and it is thus important to suspect the presence of the infection by its clinical features.
We did a cross-sectional survey for 13 months among residents of different detoxification centres of Imphal, Manipur, to study the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values of different signs and symptoms occurring at the early phase of the infection.
Most of the young injectors in this survey were found to be in the early phases (stage I 43%; stage II 32%; stage III 15% and stage IV 9.9%) of the World Health Organization clinical staging of human immunodeficiency virus infection and disease. Herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, pruritic papular eruptions, jaundice and lymphadenopathy had positive predictive values of 100%, 100%, 93%, 93% and 88% respectively. Cryptosporidial diarrhoea and tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) were also encountered.
Intravenous drug users in Manipur who have human immunodeficiency virus infection suffer from different opportunistic infections which give rise to clinical features that are easily recognizable. It is important to be aware of these in areas which lack diagnostic facilities for confirming the infection.
1989年，在曼尼普尔邦的年轻静脉吸毒者中首次检测到人类免疫缺陷病毒，该病毒在这一群体中迅速达到高流行率。诊断设施匮乏，因此通过临床特征怀疑感染的存在很重要。
我们在曼尼普尔邦英帕尔不同戒毒中心的居民中进行了为期13个月的横断面调查，以研究感染早期出现的不同体征和症状的敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值。
本次调查中，大多数年轻注射吸毒者处于世界卫生组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和疾病临床分期的早期阶段（I期占43%；II期占32%；III期占15%；IV期占9.9%）。带状疱疹、口腔念珠菌病、瘙痒性丘疹疹、黄疸和淋巴结病的阳性预测值分别为100%、100%、93%、93%和88%。还发现了隐孢子虫性腹泻和结核病（肺内和肺外）。
曼尼普尔邦感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的静脉吸毒者会患上不同的机会性感染，这些感染会导致易于识别的临床特征。在缺乏确诊感染诊断设施的地区，了解这些情况很重要。
