Binstock R H
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Gerontologist. 1994 Dec;34(6):726-30. doi: 10.1093/geront/34.6.726.
For more than a decade, incremental changes have gradually eroded the traditional approach in many policies that have relied primarily on specific old-age categories to determine eligibility for public benefits and the amount of those benefits. These changes, and other recent policy proposals, have introduced need-based criteria as well as the principle of asking wealthier older persons to pay greater taxes or share more heavily in financing services and benefits than those older people who have less income and accumulated wealth. This discussion of such modifications in policies on aging begins with a depiction of the political context in which they have emerged. It then reviews the emergence of the new approaches, and concludes with commentary on the political viability of these and other possible changes in the mixture of criteria used in old-age benefit programs.
十多年来，渐进式变革逐渐削弱了许多政策中的传统做法，这些政策主要依靠特定的老年类别来确定公共福利的资格以及福利金额。这些变革以及近期的其他政策提议，引入了基于需求的标准，还引入了这样的原则，即要求较富裕的老年人比收入和积累财富较少的老年人缴纳更高的税款，或在为服务和福利融资方面承担更重的份额。关于老龄政策此类修改的讨论首先描述这些变革出现的政治背景。然后回顾新方法的出现，并以对这些以及老年福利计划中使用的标准组合的其他可能变化的政治可行性的评论作为结尾。
