Johannesson M
Stockholm School of Economics.
Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1994 Fall;10(4):675-82. doi: 10.1017/s0266462300008254.
The costs included in economic evaluations of health care vary from study to study. Based on the theory of cost-benefit analysis, the costs that should be included in an economic evaluation are those not already included in the measurement of willingness to pay (net willingness to pay above any treatment costs paid by the individual) in a cost-benefit analysis or in the measurement of effectiveness in a cost-effectiveness analysis. These costs can be defined as the consumption externality of the treatment (the change in production minus consumption for those included in the treatment program). For a full economic evaluation, the consequences for those included in the treatment program and a caring externality (altruism) should also be added.
卫生保健经济评估中所包含的成本因研究而异。基于成本效益分析理论，经济评估中应包含的成本是那些在成本效益分析中未包含在支付意愿（个人支付的任何治疗成本之上的净支付意愿）衡量中的成本，或者在成本效果分析中未包含在效果衡量中的成本。这些成本可定义为治疗的消费外部性（治疗项目所涵盖人群的生产变化减去消费变化）。对于全面的经济评估，还应加上治疗项目所涵盖人群的后果以及关怀外部性（利他主义）。
