Pape H, Hammer T, Vaglum P
Norwegian Youth Research Centre, Oslo.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1994 Jul-Sep;26(3):257-63. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1994.10472439.
Recent research has revealed conspicuously few distinctions between young males and females who use cannabis. Such findings may reflect the general slackening of the sex-role pattern in the younger generations. Alternatively, they may reflect distinctive characteristics of the cannabis culture. Using data from a nationwide representative sample (n = 1,478) of young Norwegians (21-24 years old), this study explores whether "traditional" sex differences in respect to mental health and alcohol use are less conspicuous among users than among nonusers of cannabis. The respondents' sex-role-related values and preferences were also studied. Results indicate that the sex differences in mental health did not vary between users and nonusers of cannabis; however, female cannabis users were disproportionately young when they experienced their first intoxication by alcohol. Their level of drinking was also disproportionately high. This implied that the sex difference in alcohol use was smaller among users than among nonusers: male users of cannabis consumed 2.8 times more alcohol than their female counterparts, whereas the corresponding male to female ratio was 3:2 in the nonusers. The extensive use of alcohol in female cannabis users did not reflect mental health problems or a rejection of traditional sex-role characteristics. Cannabis-using males were less typically masculine in their values and preferences than other males, but not more feminine. The measures for sex-role-related preferences did not discriminate between female users and female nonusers of cannabis.
近期研究显著揭示，使用大麻的年轻男性和女性之间几乎没有差异。这些发现可能反映出年轻一代性别角色模式普遍松弛。或者，它们可能反映了大麻文化的独特特征。本研究使用来自挪威全国范围内具有代表性的样本（n = 1478），样本为21至24岁的年轻人，探讨在心理健康和饮酒方面，“传统”性别差异在大麻使用者中是否比非使用者中不那么明显。还研究了受访者与性别角色相关的价值观和偏好。结果表明，大麻使用者和非使用者在心理健康方面的性别差异并无不同；然而，女性大麻使用者首次醉酒时年龄过小的比例过高。她们的饮酒量也过高。这意味着大麻使用者中饮酒的性别差异比非使用者中更小：男性大麻使用者的饮酒量是女性大麻使用者的2.8倍，而在非使用者中相应的男女比例为3:2。女性大麻使用者大量饮酒并非反映心理健康问题或对传统性别角色特征的排斥。使用大麻的男性在价值观和偏好上比其他男性更不具有典型的男性特质，但也没有更具女性特质。与性别角色相关的偏好衡量指标并未区分女性大麻使用者和女性非使用者。
