Backinger C L, Koustenis G H
Division of Professional Practices, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857.
Am J Infect Control. 1994 Oct;22(5):300-6. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(94)90017-5.
This research analyzed needlestick injuries sustained by employees working in the home health environment to determine to what extent existing infection control policies and procedures in home health care are effective in reducing the risk of transmission of blood-borne infections.
In June and July 1992, a random sample of 600 directors of home health care agencies in the United States were sent questionnaires concerning written blood-borne infection control policies and procedures of home health care agencies. Agency characteristics were also identified.
A 46% response rate (n = 278) was obtained. Of the 226 agencies that reported needlestick injury rates, 102 agencies reported no needlestick injuries to home health care agency employees in the "last year" and 124 agencies reported from one to 134 needlestick injuries, for a cumulative total of 475. Statistical analyses revealed that agencies with "safer" sharps containers, "safer" hypodermics, or "safer" access to intravenous administration lines did not have statistically significantly rates of lower needlestick injury than agencies without these "safer" products.
This study should be considered exploratory; causal relationships cannot be established. Although written blood-borne infection control policies and procedures do not appear to provide protection to home health care workers from the risk of needlestick injury, limitations in the data exist. Consequently, results should be viewed with caution and additional research is needed.
本研究分析了在家庭健康环境中工作的员工所遭受的针刺伤，以确定家庭健康护理中现有的感染控制政策和程序在降低血源感染传播风险方面的有效程度。
1992年6月和7月，随机抽取了600名美国家庭健康护理机构的主任，向他们发送了有关家庭健康护理机构书面血源感染控制政策和程序的问卷。还确定了机构的特征。
获得了46%的回复率（n = 278）。在报告了针刺伤发生率的226家机构中，102家机构报告在“去年”其家庭健康护理机构员工未发生针刺伤，124家机构报告发生了1至134次针刺伤，累计总数为475次。统计分析显示，配备“更安全”锐器盒、“更安全”皮下注射器或“更安全”静脉输液通路的机构，其针刺伤发生率在统计学上并不显著低于没有这些“更安全”产品的机构。
本研究应被视为探索性的；无法建立因果关系。尽管书面血源感染控制政策和程序似乎并未为家庭健康护理工作者提供免受针刺伤风险的保护，但数据存在局限性。因此，对结果应谨慎看待，还需要进一步研究。
