Krainski M M
Ostomy Wound Manage. 1994 May;40(4):52-4, 56, 58-60 passim.
The purpose of this descriptive study was to explore the effects of the personality characteristic hardiness on adjustment to an ostomy in the elderly ostomy patient. The Health Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS) was used to measure hardiness and the Ostomy Adjustment Scale (OAS) was used to determine adaptation to the ostomy. Results included a modest but significant inverse relationship (-0.3978) (p < 0.05) between the control aspect of hardiness and adjustment to an ostomy. The relationship between hardiness and selected demographic variables was not significant.
这项描述性研究的目的是探讨人格特质坚韧性对老年造口患者造口适应的影响。使用健康相关坚韧性量表（HRHS）来测量坚韧性，并使用造口适应量表（OAS）来确定对造口的适应情况。结果包括坚韧性的控制方面与造口适应之间存在适度但显著的负相关关系（-0.3978）（p < 0.05）。坚韧性与选定的人口统计学变量之间的关系不显著。
