Hellman E A, Williams M A
College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5330.
Heart Lung. 1994 Nov-Dec;23(6):506-12; quiz 512-4.
Exercise as part of cardiac rehabilitation plays a role in minimizing disability associated with myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass surgery. The beneficial effects have been documented primarily among middle-aged participants. The study of those aged 65 years or greater has received less attention. The purpose of this review article is to summarize available data regarding exercise training in elderly patients with heart disease and review issues and considerations for their participation, together providing a basis for inclusion of more elderly in cardiac rehabilitation. Both male and female elderly patients with heart disease can benefit from exercise through significant improvements in functional capacity and reduced myocardial work. Changes are similar in magnitude to those observed among younger participants. Because elders are the fastest growing U.S. population segment and have a twofold to threefold higher incidence of acute myocardial infarction than younger individuals, decreasing disability by including more elderly in cardiac rehabilitation has important public health implications.
作为心脏康复一部分的运动，在将与心肌梗死和冠状动脉搭桥手术相关的残疾降至最低方面发挥着作用。这些有益效果主要在中年参与者中得到了记录。对65岁及以上人群的研究受到的关注较少。这篇综述文章的目的是总结关于老年心脏病患者运动训练的现有数据，并回顾他们参与运动的相关问题和注意事项，共同为让更多老年人参与心脏康复提供依据。患有心脏病的老年男性和女性患者都可以通过功能能力的显著改善和心肌工作量的减少从运动中受益。这些变化在程度上与年轻参与者中观察到的相似。由于老年人是美国增长最快的人口群体，且急性心肌梗死的发病率比年轻人高出两到三倍，因此让更多老年人参与心脏康复以减少残疾具有重要的公共卫生意义。
