Venkatesh V, Everson N W, Johnstone J M
Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1994 Oct;39(5):301-3.
Lymphadenitis due to atypical mycobacteria occurs primarily in the neck region of children, the most common organisms isolated are the Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAIS) group and M. malmoense. The nodes are unilateral and may be hot or cold. The infection is benign. There is little or no systemic upset and it is usually the preschool child who is affected. Routine haematological investigations are unhelpful, chest X-ray is clear and the Mantoux test may be positive or negative. Cultures are necessary to prove the diagnosis. The ideal treatment is total excision of the affected nodes and antituberculosis chemotherapy is not indicated.
非典型分枝杆菌引起的淋巴结炎主要发生在儿童颈部，最常见的分离出的病原体是鸟胞内分枝杆菌（MAIS）组和马尔默分枝杆菌。淋巴结为单侧性，可能有压痛或无压痛。感染为良性。很少或没有全身不适，通常是学龄前儿童受影响。常规血液学检查无帮助，胸部X线检查正常，结核菌素试验可能阳性或阴性。需要进行培养以证实诊断。理想的治疗方法是将受影响的淋巴结完全切除，不建议进行抗结核化疗。
