犬类响尾蛇咬伤所致的棘红细胞增多症

Echinocytosis associated with rattlesnake envenomation in dogs.

作者信息

Brown D E, Meyer D J, Wingfield W E, Walton R M

机构信息

Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins.

出版信息

Vet Pathol. 1994 Nov;31(6):654-7. doi: 10.1177/030098589403100604.

DOI:10.1177/030098589403100604

PMID:7863580

Abstract

A retrospective study of 28 cases of rattlesnake bites in dogs indicated an association of envenomation with echinocytosis; 25/28 dogs (89%) had echinocytosis within 24 hours of a rattlesnake bite being reported. Eighteen of the 28 dogs had marked type III echinocytosis (95-100% of mature erythrocytes affected), and seven dogs had moderate echinocytosis (15-30% of mature erythrocytes affected). The echinocytosis was transient, resolving within 48 hours of envenomation in those for which subsequent blood films were available (13/25). Hypokalemia was noted in 14 of 18 dogs for which biochemical data were available. The hypokalemia was not consistently associated with echinocytosis. The observation of echinocytosis in dogs supports a clinical diagnosis of rattlesnake envenomation.

摘要

一项对28例犬类响尾蛇咬伤病例的回顾性研究表明，中毒与棘红细胞增多症有关；在报告响尾蛇咬伤后的24小时内，28只犬中有25只（89%）出现了棘红细胞增多症。28只犬中有18只出现明显的III型棘红细胞增多症（95 - 100%的成熟红细胞受影响），7只犬出现中度棘红细胞增多症（15 - 30%的成熟红细胞受影响）。棘红细胞增多症是短暂的，在有后续血涂片的犬中（13/25），中毒后48小时内症状消失。在有生化数据的18只犬中，有14只出现低钾血症。低钾血症与棘红细胞增多症并无始终一致的关联。犬类中棘红细胞增多症的观察结果支持响尾蛇中毒的临床诊断。