Forward G C
SmithKline Beecham Research and Technical Services Centre, Weybridge, Surrey, UK.
Adv Dent Res. 1994 Jul;8(2):208-14. doi: 10.1177/08959374940080021201.
Many potential anticaries agents other than fluoride have been identified in a range of laboratory models. This review covers only those agents which have demonstrated significant activity in either animal caries models, in situ models, or human clinical trials, including those measuring plaque acid formation. The agents which so far have been identified can be divided into 5 categories: (1) phosphorus-containing agents, (2) calcium-containing agents, (3) antimicrobials and antibiotics, (4) metals, and (5) miscellaneous agents. Although many potential agents have been identified in various models, very few have been taken forward to full anticaries testing in humans. Chlorhexidine is an exception, and certain agents such as calcium glycerophosphate have been shown to result in greater anticaries activity when added to fluoride. In the future, non-fluoride agents which modify the production of acid in plaque--either antimicrobially, biochemically, or directly--appear to have the most promise for use in topical products and may prove to be effective anticaries systems. Phosphates have shown encouraging activity as diet additives.
除氟化物外，在一系列实验室模型中还发现了许多潜在的防龋剂。本综述仅涵盖那些在动物龋病模型、原位模型或人体临床试验（包括那些测量菌斑酸形成的试验）中已显示出显著活性的药剂。迄今为止已确定的药剂可分为5类：（1）含磷药剂，（2）含钙药剂，（3）抗菌剂和抗生素，（4）金属，以及（5）其他药剂。尽管在各种模型中已发现许多潜在药剂，但很少有药剂进入人体全面防龋测试阶段。洗必泰是个例外，某些药剂如甘油磷酸钙，在添加到氟化物中时已显示出更大的防龋活性。未来，通过抗菌、生化或直接方式改变菌斑中酸生成的非氟化物药剂，似乎最有希望用于局部用产品，并且可能被证明是有效的防龋系统。磷酸盐作为饮食添加剂已显示出令人鼓舞的活性。
