Botham S J, Isaacs D
John Spence Nursery, King George V Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1994 Dec;30(6):533-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1994.tb00728.x.
Ninety-seven preterm infants were immunized with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) prior to discharge from hospital. The mean gestational age at birth was 28.1 weeks (range 24-34) and the mean age at immunization was 80.6 days (range 44-257). Nineteen (20%) infants developed apnoea or bradycardia within 24 h of immunization. The infants who developed apnoea and/or bradycardia had a younger gestational age at birth than those who did not (P = 0.03), were artificially ventilated for longer (P = 0.01) and were more likely to have a diagnosis of chronic lung disease (P = 0.006). In the majority of infants these events were not clinically significant. Two infants who developed concurrent upper respiratory tract infections required additional oxygen and one of them was treated with oral theophylline. In general, it is safe practice to immunize preterm infants with DTP unless otherwise contraindicated. However, it is recommended that cardiorespiratory function is monitored after immunization in very preterm infants who had prolonged ventilatory support and/or chronic lung disease.
97名早产儿在出院前接种了白喉-破伤风-百日咳（DTP）疫苗。出生时的平均胎龄为28.1周（范围24 - 34周），接种疫苗时的平均年龄为80.6天（范围44 - 257天）。19名（20%）婴儿在接种疫苗后24小时内出现呼吸暂停或心动过缓。出现呼吸暂停和/或心动过缓的婴儿出生时的胎龄比未出现的婴儿小（P = 0.03），人工通气时间更长（P = 0.01），且更有可能被诊断为慢性肺病（P = 0.006）。在大多数婴儿中，这些事件在临床上并不严重。两名同时发生上呼吸道感染的婴儿需要额外吸氧，其中一名接受了口服茶碱治疗。一般来说，除非有其他禁忌证，给早产儿接种DTP疫苗是安全的做法。然而，建议对有长时间通气支持和/或慢性肺病的极早产儿在接种疫苗后监测心肺功能。
