Zlotnick C, Begin A, Shea M T, Pearlstein T, Simpson E, Costello E
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Compr Psychiatry. 1994 Nov-Dec;35(6):465-70. doi: 10.1016/0010-440x(94)90230-5.
Childhood sexual abuse has been associated with adult dissociative symptomatology. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between specific characteristics of sexual abuse and dissociative experiences in adulthood. Fifty-six female inpatients with a history of physical abuse and severe sexual abuse reported on their history of abuse and dissociative experiences. A logistic regression that controlled for physical revictimization showed that sexual abuse by a greater number of different sex abuse offenders was significantly related to an elevated level of dissociation. In exploring how many sex abuse offenders are associated with dissociative experiences, a logistic regression revealed a significant relationship between four or more sex abuse offenders and greater dissociative symptomatology. The reported age of onset of the sexual abuse was not a significant predictor of dissociation when sexual revictimization was included in the analysis. These findings suggest that severely traumatized patients with a history of multiple sex abuse offenders are highly likely to use dissociation as a primary psychological defense. The implications of the study are discussed.
儿童期性虐待与成人解离症状有关。本研究的目的是检验性虐待的特定特征与成年期解离经历之间的关系。56名有身体虐待和严重性虐待史的女性住院患者报告了她们的虐待史和解离经历。一项控制了再次遭受身体虐待情况的逻辑回归分析表明,遭受更多不同性别的性虐待者实施的性虐待与更高水平的解离显著相关。在探究多少名性虐待者与解离经历有关时,一项逻辑回归分析显示,四名或更多性虐待者与更严重的解离症状之间存在显著关系。当分析中纳入再次遭受性虐待的情况时,报告的性虐待起始年龄并不是解离的显著预测因素。这些发现表明,有多名性虐待者历史的严重创伤患者极有可能将解离作为主要的心理防御方式。本文讨论了该研究的意义。