Brodowicz G R, Mansfield R A, McClung M R, Althoff S A
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Portland State University, OR 97207-0751.
Gerontology. 1994;40(6):332-9. doi: 10.1159/000213608.
Body composition of both younger and older subjects was estimated using several different methods in order to evaluate their use with elderly subjects. Estimates were obtained by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, underwater weighing, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and skinfold measurement in 48 younger subjects (26-40 years) and 44 older subjects (65-85 years). In older men and women the underwater weighing percent fat estimates were significantly higher than all other methods. Bone mineral explained a significant proportion of the variance in the difference between the dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and underwater weighing estimates of percent fat (R2 = 0.442-0.627). Because of its insensitivity to variability in bone mineral, we recommend that the underwater weighing method be not used to estimate percent fat in older men and women. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry provides an alternative which accounts for the age-related decrease in bone mineral density.
为了评估不同方法在老年受试者中的适用性，使用了几种不同方法对年轻和老年受试者的身体成分进行了估计。通过双能X线吸收法、水下称重、生物电阻抗分析和皮褶测量，分别对48名年轻受试者（26 - 40岁）和44名老年受试者（65 - 85岁）进行了测量。在老年男性和女性中，水下称重法得出的体脂百分比估计值显著高于所有其他方法。骨矿物质在双能X线吸收法和水下称重法估计的体脂百分比差异中解释了很大一部分方差（R2 = 0.442 - 0.627）。由于水下称重法对骨矿物质变化不敏感，我们建议不要使用该方法来估计老年男性和女性的体脂百分比。双能X线吸收法提供了一种替代方法，该方法考虑到了与年龄相关的骨矿物质密度下降。
