Friedman M A, Brownell K D
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8205.
Psychol Bull. 1995 Jan;117(1):3-20. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.3.
Studies comparing obese and nonobese persons have generally failed to find differences in global aspects of psychological functioning (e.g., depression, anxiety). The resulting conclusion, that obesity does not carry risk for psychological problems, is inimical to clinical impression, reports from overweight individuals, and a consistent literature showing strong cultural bias and negative attitudes toward obese persons. The often-cited notion that obesity has no psychological consequences may be an inevitable byproduct of the manner in which the first generation of studies in the field has been conducted. The authors propose a second generation of studies that begins with a risk factor model to identify the individuals who will suffer from their obesity and the areas of functioning most affected. Recommendations are also made for a third generation of studies that will establish causal pathways linking obesity to specific areas of distress.
比较肥胖者和非肥胖者的研究通常未能发现心理功能整体方面（如抑郁、焦虑）存在差异。由此得出的结论，即肥胖不会带来心理问题风险，这与临床印象、超重个体的报告以及一系列显示对肥胖者存在强烈文化偏见和负面态度的文献相悖。肥胖没有心理后果这一常被提及的观点，可能是该领域第一代研究所采用方式的必然副产品。作者提议开展第二代研究，从风险因素模型入手，以确定那些将因肥胖而受苦的个体以及受影响最大的功能领域。同时也为第三代研究提出了建议，第三代研究将建立起把肥胖与特定痛苦领域相联系的因果路径。
