Colombo G, Agabio R, Lobina C, Reali R, Fadda F, Gessa G L
Bernard B. Brodie Department of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Italy.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Jan;57(1):105-11. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00215-q.
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) has been shown to reduce ethanol consumption and suppress ethanol withdrawal syndrome both in laboratory animals and humans. The present study was designed to assess the similarity between the discriminative stimulus effects, or subjective feelings, of GHB and ethanol using a T-maze, food-reinforced drug discrimination procedure. Three groups of rats were trained to discriminate ethanol (1.0 or 2.0 g/kg; p.o.) or GHB (300 mg/kg; p.o.) from water. In the 1.0 g/kg ethanol-trained rats, substitution for ethanol was an inverted U-shape function of GHB dose, with only 300 mg/kg GHB resulting in complete substitution for ethanol. No dose of GHB elicited selection of ethanol-appropriate arm higher than 10% in the 2.0 g/kg ethanol-trained group. In the 300 mg/kg GHB-trained rats, complete substitution for GHB occurred only at the dose of 1.0 g/kg ethanol. Doses of ethanol lower or higher than 1.0 g/kg did not substitute for GHB. The results of the present study indicate that symmetrical generalization between ethanol and GHB occurred within narrow dose ranges. They are discussed in terms of common neurotransmitter systems involved in the mediation of GHB and ethanol effects.
γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）已被证明在实验动物和人类中均能减少乙醇摄入量并抑制乙醇戒断综合征。本研究旨在使用T型迷宫、食物强化药物辨别程序评估GHB和乙醇的辨别刺激效应或主观感受之间的相似性。三组大鼠被训练从水中辨别乙醇（1.0或2.0 g/kg；口服）或GHB（300 mg/kg；口服）。在1.0 g/kg乙醇训练的大鼠中，GHB剂量对乙醇的替代呈倒U形函数，只有300 mg/kg GHB能完全替代乙醇。在2.0 g/kg乙醇训练组中，没有任何剂量的GHB能使选择乙醇适配臂的比例高于10%。在300 mg/kg GHB训练的大鼠中，只有1.0 g/kg乙醇剂量能完全替代GHB。低于或高于1.0 g/kg的乙醇剂量不能替代GHB。本研究结果表明，乙醇和GHB之间的对称泛化发生在狭窄的剂量范围内。将根据参与介导GHB和乙醇效应的共同神经递质系统对这些结果进行讨论。
