Houpt T R, Yang H
Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Jan;57(1):49-54. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00208-m.
When deprived of both drinking water and food, pigs failed to develop the hyperosmolality usually expected with dehydration. In further studies 12 pigs were deprived of drinking water and food, and the effects were compared with data from nondeprived pigs, pigs water deprived but with food available, and pigs with water but no food. When food was eaten during water deprivation, plasma osmolality rose to levels sufficient to stimulate drinking. During water and food deprivation, plasma osmolality failed to rise, even over 24 h, and usually fell. Blood volume changes were calculated from packed cell volume and plasma protein data, and it was found that blood volume fell significantly when both food and water were withheld, but not when only water was withheld. It appears that the conditions of deprivation determine the proportions of thirst stimulation that can be attributed to plasma hypertonicity and to hypovolemia.
当猪被剥夺饮水和食物时，它们并未出现通常因脱水而预期的高渗状态。在进一步的研究中，12头猪被剥夺饮水和食物，并将其影响与未被剥夺的猪、仅被剥夺饮水但有食物供应的猪以及有饮水但无食物的猪的数据进行比较。在缺水期间进食时，血浆渗透压上升到足以刺激饮水的水平。在缺水和缺食期间，即使在24小时以上，血浆渗透压也未能上升，反而通常下降。根据红细胞压积和血浆蛋白数据计算血容量变化，结果发现，当同时 withholding 食物和水时，血容量显著下降，但仅 withholding 水时血容量并未下降。看来剥夺的条件决定了可归因于血浆高渗和血容量减少的口渴刺激比例。 （注：原英文中withhold意思是“不给，拒绝给予”，这里翻译时保留英文便于理解其含义）
