Friedman C, Brownson R C, Peterson D E, Wilkerson J C
Division of Field Epidemiology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Am J Prev Med. 1994 Nov-Dec;10(6):367-71.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that physicians advise their patients regarding smoking cessation, weight loss, and physical inactivity. Few studies, however, have assessed the extent to which persons with these risk factors receive advice from their physicians. Using data from the 1990-1991 Missouri Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a random digit-dialed telephone survey of adults, we identified Missouri residents with one or more of these modifiable risk factors. We examined whether these persons reported being advised by their physicians to modify their behavior(s) within the past year. Of the 2,791 respondents, 764 (26%) smoked, 1,720 (59%) were sedentary, and 686 (23%) were overweight. Five hundred and thirty-five smokers reported having a routine checkup within the past year, but only 224 (42%) reported being advised by their physicians to stop smoking. Of the 1,246 sedentary persons who had a routine checkup within the past year, 192 (15%) reported being told by their physicians to exercise more. Of the 521 overweight respondents who had a routine checkup within the past year, 225 (43%) reported being advised to lose weight. Physician advice for these risk factors was less frequently reported among men, blacks, younger persons, and persons from rural areas. Although most Missouri residents with these modifiable risk factors reported seeing their physicians within the past year, less than half reported that they received advice from their physicians to alter their risk behavior(s). Further efforts are necessary to increase the effectiveness of physician advice for at-risk patients about quitting smoking, losing weight, and increasing physical activity.
美国预防服务工作组建议医生就戒烟、减肥和缺乏体育锻炼等问题向患者提供咨询。然而，很少有研究评估存在这些风险因素的人从医生那里获得建议的程度。利用1990 - 1991年密苏里州行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据，这是一项对成年人进行的随机数字拨号电话调查，我们确定了有一项或多项这些可改变风险因素的密苏里州居民。我们调查了这些人是否报告在过去一年中被医生建议改变他们的行为。在2791名受访者中，764人（26%）吸烟，1720人（59%）久坐不动，686人（23%）超重。535名吸烟者报告在过去一年中进行了例行体检，但只有224人（42%）报告被医生建议戒烟。在过去一年中进行例行体检的1246名久坐不动的人中，192人（15%）报告被医生告知要多锻炼。在过去一年中进行例行体检的521名超重受访者中，225人（43%）报告被建议减肥。在男性、黑人、年轻人和农村地区的人中，医生针对这些风险因素的建议报告得较少。尽管大多数有这些可改变风险因素的密苏里州居民报告在过去一年中看过医生，但不到一半的人报告他们从医生那里得到了改变风险行为的建议。有必要进一步努力提高医生对有风险患者关于戒烟、减肥和增加体育活动建议的有效性。
