Calvas P, Blancher A, Salvignol I, Socha W W, Ruffié J
Laboratoire de Génétique, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.
C R Acad Sci III. 1994 Aug;317(8):755-63.
Microsatellites are tandem repeats of short sequences elements (most often CA repeats) interspersed in many genomes and which frequently show multiallele polymorphism. They have proved invaluable for genomic mapping in man and other species and may be used for evolutionary studies provided that the available primers can be used in different species. The dystrophin gene, which shows high sequence conservation between man, rodents and chicken contains such polymorphic CA repeats. Using the oligonucleotides primers developed for testing the polymorphic CA repeat of the 3'untranslated region of the dystrophin gene in man, we achieved the amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the analogous region in five non human primates species (Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Macaca tonkeana, Macaca fascicularis, Lemur fulvus). All were proved to possess the CA repeat while intraspecies variations of the microsatellite length was observed in chimpanzees, gorillas and tonkean macaques. As it was demonstrated by sequencing, these length variations depend on the number of CA repeats in the microsatellite.
微卫星是散布于许多基因组中的短序列元件的串联重复序列（最常见的是CA重复），并且常常表现出多等位基因多态性。它们已被证明对人类和其他物种的基因组作图非常有价值，并且如果可用引物能用于不同物种，也可用于进化研究。肌营养不良蛋白基因在人类、啮齿动物和鸡之间表现出高度的序列保守性，其中包含这种多态性CA重复序列。使用为检测人类肌营养不良蛋白基因3'非翻译区的多态性CA重复序列而开发的寡核苷酸引物，我们通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增了五种非人类灵长类物种（黑猩猩、大猩猩、汤基猕猴、食蟹猕猴、褐狐猴）的类似区域。结果证明所有物种都具有CA重复序列，同时在黑猩猩、大猩猩和汤基猕猴中观察到了微卫星长度的种内变异。正如测序所表明的，这些长度变异取决于微卫星中CA重复序列的数量。
