Goldberg A C
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
J Nutr. 1995 Mar;125(3 Suppl):675S-678S. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.suppl_3.675S.
Dietary therapy is the first step in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. However, some patients are unable to lower their cholesterol concentrations to a desirable range with diet alone. For primary prevention of coronary artery disease, physicians and patients often wish to avoid pharmacologic therapy of elevated cholesterol concentrations. The use of adjuncts to diet such as soluble fibers, garlic and soy protein may allow target lipid concentrations to be reached without the use of drugs. Soy protein incorporated into a low-fat diet can reduce cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. The main obstacles to greater use of soy protein in the therapy of hyperlipidemia include lack of knowledge by physicians and patients of its effects and lack of availability of easily used products. Although soy products such as tofu and soymilk are available in many stores, consumers may be unaware of their presence and uses. Without the publication of articles in mainstream medical journals on the cholesterol-lowering effects of soy protein, few physicians are likely to know of possible uses. Readily available packaged products, recipes and cookbooks also will be necessary to make incorporation of soy protein into the American diet a reality.
饮食疗法是高脂血症治疗的第一步。然而，一些患者仅通过饮食无法将胆固醇浓度降至理想范围。对于冠状动脉疾病的一级预防，医生和患者通常希望避免对升高的胆固醇浓度进行药物治疗。使用可溶性纤维、大蒜和大豆蛋白等饮食辅助剂可能无需使用药物就能达到目标血脂浓度。纳入低脂饮食中的大豆蛋白可降低胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度。在高脂血症治疗中更广泛使用大豆蛋白的主要障碍包括医生和患者对其作用缺乏了解，以及缺乏易于使用的产品。尽管豆腐和豆浆等豆制品在许多商店都有，但消费者可能不知道它们的存在和用途。如果主流医学期刊没有发表关于大豆蛋白降胆固醇作用的文章，很少有医生可能了解其潜在用途。还需要有现成的包装产品、食谱和烹饪书，以使将大豆蛋白纳入美国人的饮食成为现实。
