Brown S W
Department of Psychology, University of Southern Maine, Portland 04103.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Jan;57(1):105-16. doi: 10.3758/bf03211853.
The effects of stimulus motion on time perception were examined in five experiments. Subjects judged the durations (6-18 sec) of a series of computer-generated visual displays comprised of varying numbers of simple geometrical forms. In Experiment 1, subjects reproduced the duration of displays consisting of stationary or moving (at 20 cm/sec) stimulus figures. In Experiment 2, subjects reproduced the durations of stimuli that were either stationary, moving slowly (at 10 cm/sec), or moving fast (at 30 cm/sec). In Experiment 3, subjects used the production method to generate specified durations for stationary, slow, and fast displays. In Experiments 4 and 5, subjects reproduced the duration of stimuli that moved at speeds ranging from 0 to 45 cm/sec. Each experiment showed that stimulus motion lengthened perceived time. In general, faster speeds lengthened perceived time to a greater degree than slower speeds. Varying the number of stimuli appearing in the displays had only limited effects on time judgments. Other findings indicated that shorter intervals tended to be overestimated and longer intervals underestimated (Vierordt's law), an effect which applied to both stationary and moving stimuli. The results support a change model of perceived time, which maintains that intervals associated with more changes are perceived to be longer than intervals with fewer changes.
在五个实验中研究了刺激运动对时间感知的影响。受试者判断一系列由不同数量简单几何图形组成的计算机生成视觉显示的持续时间（6 - 18秒）。在实验1中，受试者重现由静止或移动（以20厘米/秒的速度）刺激图形组成的显示的持续时间。在实验2中，受试者重现静止、缓慢移动（以10厘米/秒的速度）或快速移动（以30厘米/秒的速度）的刺激的持续时间。在实验3中，受试者使用生成方法为静止、缓慢和快速显示生成指定的持续时间。在实验4和5中，受试者重现以0至45厘米/秒的速度移动的刺激的持续时间。每个实验都表明刺激运动延长了感知时间。一般来说，更快的速度比更慢的速度更能延长感知时间。改变显示中出现的刺激数量对时间判断只有有限的影响。其他研究结果表明，较短的间隔往往被高估，而较长的间隔被低估（菲奥尔特定律），这种效应适用于静止和移动的刺激。结果支持了感知时间的变化模型，该模型认为与更多变化相关的间隔比变化较少的间隔被感知为更长。
