Tresilian J R
MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Feb;57(2):231-45. doi: 10.3758/bf03206510.
Three classes of task appear to involve time-to-contact (TTC) information: coincidence anticipation (CA) tasks, relative judgement (RJ) tasks, and interceptive actions (IAs). An important type of CA task used to study the perception of TTC is the prediction-motion (PM) task. The question of whether it is possible to study the perceptual processes involved in the timing of IAs using PM and RJ tasks is considered. A revised version of the tau hypothesis is proposed as an account of the perceptual information processing involved in the control of fast IAs. This draws on the distinction between "motor" and "cognitive" visual systems. It is argued that task variables affect whether "cognitive" information processing is involved in performance and can determine whether TTC information is used at all. Evidence is reviewed that suggests that PM and RJ tasks involve cognitive processing. It is argued that target viewing time, TTC at response initiation, amount of practice, and whether there is a period between target disappearance and response are task variables that determine whether cognitive processing will influence responding.
三类任务似乎涉及接触时间（TTC）信息：巧合预期（CA）任务、相对判断（RJ）任务和拦截动作（IA）。用于研究TTC感知的一种重要的CA任务类型是预测运动（PM）任务。本文考虑了是否有可能使用PM和RJ任务来研究IA计时中涉及的感知过程这一问题。作为对快速IA控制中涉及的感知信息处理的一种解释，提出了tau假设的修订版。这借鉴了“运动”和“认知”视觉系统之间的区别。有人认为，任务变量会影响“认知”信息处理是否参与表现，并能决定是否会使用TTC信息。本文回顾了相关证据，这些证据表明PM和RJ任务涉及认知处理。有人认为，目标观看时间、反应开始时的TTC、练习量以及目标消失与反应之间是否有间隔是决定认知处理是否会影响反应的任务变量。
