Thomson M C, D'Alessandro U, Bennett S, Connor S J, Langerock P, Jawara M, Todd J, Greenwood B M
Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Nov-Dec;88(6):638-43. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90204-6.
Baseline epidemiological and entomological studies were conducted in 5 different areas of The Gambia before the introduction of a national malaria control programme, the objective of which was to treat all the bed nets belonging to people living in primary health care villages with insecticide. All malariometric indices used (parasite density, parasite rates, splenomegaly, and packed cell volume) indicated that malaria transmission was more intense in the east of the country than elsewhere. High transmission in the east was associated with a high sporozoite rate but not with the greatest vector abundance; the lowest malaria prevalence rates were found in villages which were close to very productive breeding sites of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Bed net usage was strongly correlated with vector density and the highest malaria rates were found in villages where bed net usage was relatively low. These results suggest that in The Gambia malaria prevalence rates are reduced where nuisance biting by mosquitoes is sufficient to encourage the population to protect themselves with bed nets.
在冈比亚实施全国疟疾控制计划之前，在该国5个不同地区开展了基线流行病学和昆虫学研究，该计划的目标是用杀虫剂处理生活在初级卫生保健村庄的人们所拥有的所有蚊帐。所使用的所有疟疾测量指标（寄生虫密度、寄生虫感染率、脾肿大和红细胞压积）表明，该国东部的疟疾传播比其他地方更为强烈。东部的高传播率与高子孢子率相关，但与最高的媒介丰度无关；在靠近冈比亚按蚊高效繁殖地的村庄中，疟疾患病率最低。蚊帐使用率与媒介密度密切相关，而在蚊帐使用率相对较低的村庄中，疟疾发病率最高。这些结果表明，在冈比亚，当蚊子的骚扰性叮咬足以促使人们使用蚊帐进行自我保护时，疟疾患病率会降低。
