Lammers S M, Mainzer D E, Breteler M H
UNRAB (Research Group on Addictive Behaviors), University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Addiction. 1995 Jan;90(1):23-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.901235.x.
Many authors in the alcohol field believe that the physiological responsiveness of women to alcohol varies during the menstrual cycle, due to changes in levels of sex steroid hormones. Statements about this issue are very contradictory, however. The aim of this review was to decide what valid evidence was available on this issue. Three criteria were set to assess the validity of the reviewed studies: (1) was a within-subjects design used with normally cycling subjects, (2) were the time points selected for testing characterized by significant variations in sex steroid activity, and (3) was it verified whether ovulation occurred in the subjects by measuring levels of sex steroids? Two of the 11 studies we examined met these criteria. These studies, emanating from the same laboratory, found that alcohol elimination increased, by about 14%, during the luteal phase compared to other phases of the cycle. The results were discussed in relation to other research regarding effects of sex steroids on alcohol metabolism. It is concluded that there is no evidence that menstrual cycle causes significant instability in alcohol pharmacokinetics in women.
酒精领域的许多作者认为，由于性类固醇激素水平的变化，女性在月经周期中对酒精的生理反应会有所不同。然而，关于这个问题的说法非常矛盾。本综述的目的是确定关于这个问题有哪些有效的证据。设定了三个标准来评估所审查研究的有效性：（1）是否对月经周期正常的受试者采用了受试者内设计，（2）所选的测试时间点是否具有性类固醇活性的显著变化特征，（3）是否通过测量性类固醇水平来验证受试者是否排卵？我们审查的11项研究中有两项符合这些标准。这些来自同一实验室的研究发现，与月经周期的其他阶段相比，黄体期的酒精消除率增加了约14%。结合其他关于性类固醇对酒精代谢影响的研究对结果进行了讨论。得出的结论是，没有证据表明月经周期会导致女性酒精药代动力学出现显著不稳定。
