[Imaging superficial skin tumors of the ENT area. High frequency ultrasound in comparison with computerized tomography and magnetic resonance tomography].

In order to improve the preoperative diagnosis of superficial skin tumors in the head and neck, 32 patients with 42 basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and malignant melanomas were investigated using different imaging techniques. All patients were examined preoperatively with high-frequency ultrasound (HFU), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). New high-frequency ultrasonic scanners (15- and 20-MHz) having an axial resolution of 50-90 microns permit visualization of dermal and cartilaginous structures with an anatomical accuracy to a range of 15 mm in tissue. Exact measurement of the skin tumors and their relation to adjacent structures was feasible. Histologically different tumors could be discriminated by their echo-structure in 80% of the cases. CT and MRI provided additional information when the tumor extension perpendicular to the skin exceeded 15 mm. If tumor extension was less than 15 mm, CT and MRI were inferior to high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of superficial skin tumors and did not provide any additional information. The experience reported has shown that high-frequency ultrasound is a valuable tool for preoperative evaluation of superficial skin tumors in terms of tumor extension and possible invasion of functionally and esthetically important adjacent structures. This knowledge can support preoperative planning of possible resections as well as reconstruction and may help to obtain an appropriate informed consent.