Courtney A C, Wachtel E F, Myers E R, Hayes W C
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995 Mar;77(3):387-95. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199503000-00008.
To assess age-related changes in femoral strength as a component in the risk of fracture of the hip, we compared the loads at fracture of the proximal aspects of femora from the cadavera of older and younger individuals, as tested in a fall-loading configuration. To provide a basis for non-invasive in vivo estimates of femoral strength, we also determined the correlations between variables measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and these loads. Femora from the cadavera of eight older individuals (mean age, seventy-four years) and nine younger individuals (mean age, thirty-three years) were scanned with a Hologic QDR-2000 densitometer to obtain densitometric and geometric information. The femora were then tested mechanically in a loading configuration that simulated a fall on the greater trochanter. The femora from the older group were half as strong as those from the younger group (p < 0.001), and they absorbed one-third as much energy (p < 0.001). The area bone-mineral density of the femoral neck correlated strongly with the load at fracture (r2 = 0.92).
The prevalence of fracture of the hip increases exponentially with age. 90 percent of those fractures are the result of a simple fall from a standing height.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为评估作为髋部骨折风险组成部分的股骨强度与年龄相关的变化，我们比较了老年和青年个体尸体股骨近端骨折时的负荷，测试采用跌倒负荷配置。为给股骨强度的非侵入性体内估计提供依据，我们还确定了用双能X线吸收法测量的变量与这些负荷之间的相关性。用Hologic QDR - 2000骨密度仪对8名老年个体（平均年龄74岁）和9名青年个体（平均年龄33岁）的尸体股骨进行扫描，以获取骨密度和几何信息。然后在模拟大转子着地跌倒的负荷配置下对股骨进行力学测试。老年组的股骨强度仅为青年组的一半（p < 0.001），且吸收的能量仅为青年组的三分之一（p < 0.001）。股骨颈的面积骨密度与骨折时的负荷密切相关（r2 = 0.92）。
髋部骨折的患病率随年龄呈指数增长。90%的此类骨折是由从站立高度简单跌倒所致。（摘要截短至250字）
